Scientific Publications

Viral epitope profiling of COVID-19 patients reveals cross-reactivity and correlates of severity
Shrock E, Fujimura E, Kula T, Timms RT, Lee IH, Leng Y, Robinson ML, Sie BM, Li MZ, Chen Y, Logue J, Zuiani A, McCulloch D, Lelis FJN, Henson S, Monaco DR, Travers M, Habibi S, Clarke WA, Caturegli P, Laeyendecker O, Piechocka-Trocha A, Li JZ, Khatri A, Chu HY; MGH COVID-19 Collection & Processing Team, Villani AC, Kays K, Goldberg MB, Hacohen N, Filbin MR, Yu XG, Walker BD, Wesemann DR, Larman HB, Lederer JA, Elledge SJ
Science. 2020; 370(6520):eabd4250.

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Culturally-based challenges to and recommendations for delivering adherence counseling in a multicultural biomedical HIV prevention trial in four African Countries.
Lentz C, Giguere R, Kutner BA, Dolezal C, Kajura-Manyindo C, Yambira M, Asiimwe F, Mugocha C, Mwenda W, Ndlovu T, Naidu N, Madlala B, Balán IC.
AIDS Education and Prevention 2020; 32(6):512-527.

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The Impact of Semen Exposure on the Immune and Microbial Environments of the Female Genital Tract.
Jewanraj J, Ngcapu S, Osman F, Mtshali A, Singh R, Mansoor LE, Abdool Karim SS, Abdool Karim Q, Passmore J-AS, Liebenberg LJP.
Frontiers in Reproductive Health 2020; 2:566559. doi: 10.3389/frph.2020.566559

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Mapping the tuberculosis scientific landscape among BRICS countries: a bibliometric and network analysis.
Castor K, Mota FB, da Silva RM, Cabral BP, Maciel EL, de Almeida IN, Arakaki-Sanchez D, Andrade KB, Testov V, Vasilyeva I, Zhao Y, Zhang H, Singh M, Rao R, Tripathy S, Gray G, Padayatchi N, Bhagwandin N, Swaminathan S, Kasaeva T, Kritski A.
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2020 ; 115:e190342. doi: 10.1590/0074-02760190342.

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Limitations and potential bias in vital registration data and tuberculosis mortality reporting in South Africa.
Osman M, Welte A, Naidoo P, Loveday M, Hesseling AC.
South African Medical Journal 2020;110(7):607-609.

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Developing excellence in biostatistics leadership, training and science in Africa: How the Sub-Saharan Africa Consortium for Advanced Biostatistics (SSACAB) training unites expertise to deliver excellence.
Chirwa TF, Matsena Zingoni Z, Munyewende P, Manda SO, Mwambi H, Kandala NB, Kinyanjui S, Young T, Musenge E, Simbeye J, Musonda P, Mahande MJ, Weke P, Onyango NO, Kazembe L, Tumwesigye NM, Zuma K, Yende-Zuma N, Omanyondo Ohambe MC, Kweku EN, Maposa I, Ayele B, Achia T, Machekano R, Thabane L, Levin J, Eijkemans MJC, Carpenter J, Chasela C, Klipstein-Grobusch K, Todd J.
AAS Open Research 2020; 3:51. doi: 10.12688/aasopenres.13144.2.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Among Adolescents in Rural South Africa.
Mzembe T, Lessells R, Karat AS, Randera-Rees S, Edwards A, Khan P, Tomita A, Tanser F, Baisley K, Grant AD.
Open Forum Infectious Diseases 2020 ; 8(1):ofaa520. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaa520.

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The V2 loop of HIV gp120 delivers costimulatory signals to CD4+ T cells through Integrin α4β7 and promotes cellular activation and infection.
Goes LR, Sajani A, Sivro A, Olowojesiku R, Ray JC, Perrone I, Yolitz J, Girard A, Leyre L, Wibmer CK, Morris L, Gorini G, Franchini G, Mason RD, Roederer M, Mehandru S, Soares MA, Cicala C, Fauci AS, Arthos J.
PNAS 2020; 117(51): 32566-73.

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TB and women: a call to action.
Daftary A, Furin J, Zelnick JR, Venkatesan N, Steingart K, Smelyanskaya M, Seepamore B, Schoeman I, Reid M, Padayatchi N, O Donnell MR, Mistry N, McKenna L, Mahbub T, Macdonald H, Loveday M, Law S, LaCourse SM, Jaramillo E, Janssen R, Hirsch-Moverman Y, Friedland G, Creswell J, Chorna Y, Chikovore J, Brigden G, Boffa J, Boehme C, Atre S, Amico KR, Acquah R, Engel N.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2020; 24(12):1312-1315. doi: 10.5588/ijtld.20.0414.

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Urgent need to improve programmatic management of patients with HIV failing first-line antiretroviral therapy.
Sunpath H, Hatlen TJ, Moosa MS, Murphy RA, Siedner M, Naidoo K.
Public Health Action 2020; 10(4):163-168.

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Opportunities from a new disease for an old threat: Extending COVID-19 efforts to address tuberculosis in South Africa.
Loveday M, Cox H, Evans D, Furin J, Ndjeka N, Osman M, Naidoo K; For The National Tb Think Tank 'Optimising Tb Treatment Outcomes' Task Team K.
South African Medical Journal 2020; 110(12):1160-1167. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2020.v110i12.15126.

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Early transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in South Africa: An epidemiological and phylogenetic report.
Giandhari J, Pillay S, Wilkinson E, Tegally H, Sinayskiy I, Schuld M, Lourenco J, Chimukangara B, Lessells R, Moosa Y, Gazy I, Fish M, Singh L, Khanyile KS, Fonseca V, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LCJ, Petruccione F, de Oliveira T.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020; 103:234-241.

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Preferential infection of α4β7+ memory CD4+ T cells during early cute HIV-1 infection.
Tokarev A, McKinnon LR, Pagliuzza A, Sivro A, Omole TE, Kroon E, Chomchey N, Phanuphak N, Schuetz A, Robb ML, Eller MA, Ananworanich J, Chomont N, Bolton DL.
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 71(11):e735-e743.

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A Parsimonious Host Inflammatory Biomarker Signature Predicts Incident TB and Mortality in Advanced HIV.
Manabe YC, Andrade BB, Gupte N, Leong S, Kintali M, Matoga M, Riviere C, Sameneka W, Lama JR, Naidoo K, Zhao Y, Johnson WE, Ellner JJ, Hosseinipour MC, Bisson GP, Salgame P, Gupta A; ACTG A5274 REMEMBER and NWCS 408 Study Team.
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 71(10):2645-2654.

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"Take the treatment and be brave": Care experiences of pregnant women with rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis.
Loveday M, Hlangu S, Furin J.
PLoS One 2020; 15(12):e0242604. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242604.

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Microbial function and genital inflammation in young South African women at high risk of HIV infection.
Alisoltani A, Manhanzva MT, Potgieter M, Balle C, Bell L, Ross E, Iranzadeh A, du Plessis M, Radzey N, McDonald Z, Calder B, Allali I, Mulder N, Dabee S, Barnabas S, Gamieldien H, Godzik A, Blackburn JM, Tabb DL, Bekker LG, Jaspan HB, Passmore JS, Masson L.
Microbiome 2020; 8(1):165. doi: 10.1186/s40168-020-00932-8.

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Reduced efficacy of HIV-1 integrase inhibitors in patients with drug resistance mutations in reverse transcriptase.
Siedner MJ, Moorhouse MA, Simmons B, de Oliveira T, Lessells R, Giandhari J, Kemp SA, Chimukangara B, Akpomiemie G, Serenata CM, Venter WDF, Hill A, Gupta RK.
Nature Communications 2020; 11(1):5922. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-19801-x.

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Cost-effectiveness of adoption strategies for point of care HIV viral load monitoring in South Africa.
Girdwood SJ, Crompton T, Sharma M, Dorward J, Garrett N, Drain PK, Stevens W, Nichols BE.
EClinicalMedicine 2020; 28: 100607. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100607

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Excess mortality in the first COVID pandemic peak: cross-sectional analyses of the impact of age, sex, ethnicity, household size, and long-term conditions in people of known SARS-Cov-2 status in England.
Joy M, Hobbs FR, Bernal JL, Sherlock J, Amirthalingam G, McGagh D, Akinyemi O, Byford R, Dabrera G, Dorward J, Ellis J, Ferreira F, Jones N, Oke J, Okusi C, Nicholson BD, Ramsay M, Sheppard JP, Sinnathamby M, Zambon M, Howsam G, Williams J, de Lusignan S.
British Journal of General Practice 2020; 70(701):e890-e898.

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Acceptability of point-of-care viral load testing to facilitate differentiated care: a qualitative assessment of people living with HIV and nurses in South Africa.
Msimango L, Gibbs A, Shozi H, Ngobese H, Humphries H, Drain PK, Garrett N, Dorward J.
BMC Health Services Research 2020; 20(1):1081. doi: 10.1186/s12913-020-05940-w.

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Assessing the safety and pharmacokinetics of the anti-HIV monoclonal antibody CAP256V2LS alone and in combination with VRC07-523LS and PGT121 in South African women: study protocol for the first-in-human CAPRISA 012B phase I clinical trial.
Mahomed S, Garrett N, Abdool Karim Q, Yende-Zuma N, Capparelli E, Baxter C, Gengiah T, Archary D, Samsunder N, Rose ND, Moore P, Williamson C, Barouch DH, Fast PE, Pozzetto B, Hankins C, Carlton K, Ledgerwood J, Morris L, Mascola J, Abdool Karim SS.
BMJ Open 2020; 10(11):e042247. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042247.

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High incidence and persistence of hepatitis B virus infection in individuals receiving HIV care in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Msomi N*, Naidoo K*, Yende-Zuma N, Padayatchi N, Govender K, Singh JA, Abdool Karim SS, Abdool-Karim Q, Mlisana K.
BMC Infectious Diseases 2020; 20(1):847. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05575-6.

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High seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Chelsea, Massachusetts.
Naranbhai V, Chang CC, Beltran WFG, Miller TE, Astudillo MG, Villalba JA, Yang D, Gelfand J, Bernstein BE, Feldman J, Hauser BM, Caradonna TM, Alter G, Murali MR, Jasrasaria R, Quinlan J, Xerras DC, Betancourt JR, Louis DN, Schmidt AG, Lennerz J, Poznansky MC, Iafrate AJ.
Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020; 222(12):1955-1959.

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Breastfeeding in women living with tuberculosis.
Loveday M, Hlangu S, Furin J.
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2020; 24(9):880-891.

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Inflammation, HIV, and Immune Quiescence: Leveraging on Immunomodulatory Products to Reduce HIV Susceptibility.
Cromarty R, Archary D.
AIDS Research and Treatment 2020; 2020:8672850. doi: 10.1155/2020/8672850.

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Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy Differentially Influences Genital and Systemic Immune Activation in HIV-Infected Women.
Dabee S, Mkhize NN, Jaspan HB, Lewis D, Gumbi PP, Passmore JS.
AIDS Research Human Retroviruses 2020; 36(10):821-830.

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Treatment outcomes in patients with drug-resistant TB-HIV co-infection treated with bedaquiline and linezolid.
Padayatchi N, Bionghi N, Osman F, Naidu N, Ndjeka N, Master I, Brust JCM, Naidoo K, Ramjee A, O Donnell M.
International Journal Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2020; 24(10):1024-1031.

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Influenza economic burden among potential target risk groups for immunization in South Africa, 2013-2015.
Tempia S, Moyes J, Cohen AL, Walaza S, McMorrow ML, Edoka I, Fraser H, Treurnicht FK, Hellferscee O, Wolter N, von Gottberg A, McAnerney JM, Dawood H, Variava E, Cohen C.
Vaccine 2020; 38(45):7007-7014.

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Review of preventative HIV vaccine clinical trials in South Africa.
Laher F, Bekker LG, Garrett N, Lazarus EM, Gray GE.
Archives of Virology 2020; 165(11):2439-2452.

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Impact of pretreatment low-abundance HIV-1 drug-resistant variants on virological failure among HIV-1/TB-co-infected individuals.
Chimukangara B, Giandhari J, Lessells R, Yende-Zuma N, Sartorius B, Samuel R, Khanyile KS, Stray-Pedersen B, Moodley P, Metzner KJ, Padayatchi N, Naidoo K, De Oliveira T.
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2020;7 5(11):3319-3326.

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The impact of continuous quality improvement on coverage of antenatal HIV care tests in rural South Africa: Results of a stepped-wedge cluster-randomised controlled implementation trial.
Yapa HM, De Neve JW, Chetty T, Herbst C, Post FA, Jiamsakul A, Geldsetzer P, Harling G, Dhlomo-Mphatswe W, Moshabela M, Matthews P, Ogbuoji O, Tanser F, Gareta D, Herbst K, Pillay D, Wyke S, Bärnighausen T.
PLoS Medicine 2020; 17(10):e1003150. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003150.

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High dose oral rifampicin to improve survival from adult tuberculous meningitis: A randomised placebo-controlled double-blinded phase III trial (the HARVEST study).
Marais S, Cresswell FV, Hamers RL, Te Brake LHM, Ganiem AR, Imran D, Bangdiwala A, Martyn E, Kasibante J, Kagimu E, Musubire A, Maharani K, Estiasari R, Kusumaningrum A, Kusumadjayanti N, Yunivita V, Naidoo K, Lessells R, Moosa Y, Svensson EM, Huppler Hullsiek K, Aarnoutse RE, Boulware DR, van Crevel R, Ruslami R, Meya DB.
Wellcome Open Research 2020; 4:190. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15565.2.

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A genomics network established to respond rapidly to public health threats in South Africa
Msomi N, Mlisana K, de Oliveira T; Network for Genomic Surveillance in South Africa writing group.
Lancet Microbe 2020; 1(6):e229-e230. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30116-6.

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HPV Induces Changes in Innate Immune and Adhesion Molecule Markers in Cervical Mucosa With Potential Impact on HIV Infection.
Britto AMA, Goes LR, Sivro A, Policarpo C, Meirelles ÂR, Furtado Y, Almeida G, Arthos J, Cicala C, Soares MA, Machado ES, Giannini ALM.
Frontiers in Immunology 2020; 11:2078. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02078.

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Determinants of Vaginal Microbiota Composition.
Moosa Y, Kwon D, de Oliveira T, Wong EB.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2020; 10:467. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00467.

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Investigating non-sterilizing cure in TB patients at the end of successful anti-TB therapy.
Beltran CGG, Heunis T, Gallant J, Venter R, du Plessis N, Loxton AG, Trost M, Winter J, Malherbe ST, Kana BD, Walzl G.
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2020; 10: 443. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00443

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Antibiotic overuse in the primary health care setting: a secondary data analysis of standardised patient studies from India, China and Kenya.
Sulis G, Daniels B, Kwan A, Gandra S, Daftary A, Das J, Pai M.
BMJ Global Health 2020; 5(9):e003393. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003393.

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic response on other health research.
Singh JA, Bandewar SVS, Bukusi EA.
Bulletin of the World Health Organization 2020; 98(9):625-631.

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Major Depression and Stigma among Individuals with Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa
Naidu T, Pillay SR, Ramlall S, Mthembu SS, Padayatchi N, Burns JK, Tomita A.
American Journal of Tropical Medicine 2020; 103(3):1067-1071.

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Whole Genome Sequencing of SARS-CoV-2: Adapting Illumina Protocols for Quick and Accurate Outbreak Investigation during a Pandemic
Pillay S , Giandhari J, Tegally H, Wilkinson E, Chimukangara B, Lessells R, Moosa Y, Mattison S, Gazy I, Fish M, Singh L, Khanyile KS, San JE, Fonseca V, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LC, de Oliveira T.
Genes 2020; 11(8):E949. doi: 10.3390/genes11080949.

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Racial differences in α4β7 expression on CD4+ T cells of HIV-negative men and women who inject drugs.
Martin AR, Sivro A, Packman ZR, Patel EU, Goes LR, McKinnon LR, Astemborski J, Kirk GD, Mehta SH, Cicala C, Arthos J, Redd AD, Quinn TC.
PLoS One 2020; 15(8):e0238234. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238234.

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HIV recency testing: should results be disclosed to individuals tested?
Abdool Karim Q, Macklin R, Gruskin S, Klucking S, Lockett L, Maxwell CJ, Mayer KH, Sanders E, Sawe F.
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23(8):e25584. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25584.

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Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 among patients in the Oxford Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre primary care network: a cross-sectional study.
de Lusignan S, Dorward J, Correa A, Jones N, Akinyemi O, Amirthalingam G, Andrews N, Byford R, Dabrera G, Elliot A, Ellis J, Ferreira F, Bernal JL, Okusi C, Ramsay M, Sherlock J, Smith G, Williams J, Howsam G, Zambon M, Joy M, Hobbs FDR.
Lancet Infectious Diseases 2020; 20(9):1034-1042.

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Sex work is associated with increased vaginal microbiome diversity in young women from Mombasa, Kenya.
Sivro A, Mwatelah R, Kambaran C, Gebrebrhan H, Becker MG, Ma H, Klatt NR, Zevin AS, King'ola N, Wambua S, Gichangi P, Cheuk E, McLaren PJ, Mishra S, Becker M, McKinnon LR.
JAIDS 2020; 85(1):79-87. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002406.

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The Impact of Delayed Switch to Second-Line Antiretroviral Therapy on Mortality, Depending on Failure Time Definition and CD4 Count at Failure.
Bell-Gorrod H, Fox MP, Boulle A, Prozesky H, Wood R, Tanser F, Davies MA, Schomaker M.
American Journal of Epidemiology 2020;189(8):811-819.

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Acceptability of Long-Acting Injectable Cabotegravir (CAB LA) in HIV-Uninfected Individuals: HPTN 077.
Tolley EE, Zangeneh SZ, Chau G, Eron J, Grinsztejn B, Humphries H, Liu A, Siegel M, Bertha M, Panchia R, Li S, Cottle L, Rinehart A, Margolis D, Jennings A, McCauley M, Landovitz RJ.
AIDS Behavior 2020; 24(9):2520-2531.

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Population Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in a high HIV burden district in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: Implications for HIV epidemic control.
Kharsany AB, McKinnon LR, Lewis L, Cawood C, Khanyile D, Maseko DV, Goodman TC, Beckett S, Govender K, George G, Ayalew KA, Toledo C.
International Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020; 98:130-137.

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HIV incidence declines in a rural South African population: a G-imputation approach for inference.
Vandormael A, Cuadros D, Dobra A, Bärnighausen T, Tanser F.
BMC Public Health 2020; 20(1):1205. doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09193-4.

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Longitudinal analysis of subtype C envelope tropism for memory CD4+ T cell subsets over the first 3 years of untreated HIV-1 infection.
Gartner MJ, Gorry PR, Tumpach C, Zhou J, Dantanarayana A, Chang JJ, Angelovich TA, Ellenberg P, Laumaea AE, Nonyane M, Moore PL, Lewin SR, Churchill MJ, Flynn JK, Roche M.
Retrovirology 2020; 17(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s12977-020-00532-2.

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Defining gaps in pre-exposure prophylaxis delivery for pregnant and post-partum women in high-burden settings using an implementation science framework.
Pintye J, Davey DLJ, Wagner AD, John-Stewart G, Baggaley R, Bekker LG, Celum C, Chi BH, Coates TJ, Groves AK, Haberer JE, Heffron R, Kinuthia J, Matthews LT, McIntyre JA, Moodley D, Mofenson LM, Mugo N, Mujugira A, Myer L, Shoptaw S, Stranix-Chibanda L, Baeten JM; PrEP in Pregnancy Working Group.
Lancet HIV 2020; 7(8):e582-e592.

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Discordant line probe genotypic testing vs culture-based drug susceptibility phenotypic testing in TB endemic KwaZulu-Natal: Impact on bedside clinical decision making
Mahomed S, Mlisana K, Cele L, Naidoo K.
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases 2020; 20:100176. doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2020.100176.

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Antibody Isotype Switching as a Mechanism to Counter HIV Neutralization Escape.
Scheepers C, Bekker V, Anthony C, Richardson SI, Oosthuysen B, Moyo T, Kgagudi P, Kitchin D, Nonyane M, York T, Mielke D, Mabvakure BM, Sheng Z, Lambson BE, Ismail A, Garrett NJ, Abdool Karim SS, Shapiro L, Williamson C, Morris L, Moore PL.
Cell Reports 2020; 33(8):108430. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108430.

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Population-level emergence of bedaquiline and clofazimine resistance-associated variants among patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis in southern Africa: a phenotypic and phylogenetic analysis.
Nimmo C, Millard J, van Dorp L, Brien K, Moodley S, Wolf A, Grant AD, Padayatchi N, Pym AS, Balloux F, O'Donnell M.
Lancet Microbe 2020; 1(4):e165-e174. doi: 10.1016/S2666-5247(20)30031-8.

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Neurocognitive functioning in MDR-TB patients with and without HIV in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Ramlall S, Lessells RJ, Naidu T, Sandra Mthembu S, Padayatchi N, Burns JK, Tomita A.
Tropical Medicine & International Health 2020; 25(8):919-927.

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Measuring HIV Risk Perception and Behavior: Results from Round 1 of the Cognitive Interviewing Project with young women and men who have sex with men in South Africa.
Milne J, Brady H, Shato T, Bohn D, Mdladla M, Ngcwayi N, Atujuna M, Humphries H, Amico KR.
AIDS Behavior 2020; 24(8):2307-2318.

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Identification of adolescent girls and young women for targeted HIV prevention: a new risk scoring tool in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa.
Ayton SG, Pavlicova M, Abdool Karim Q.
Scientific Reports 2020; 10(1):13017. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-69842-x.

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The Vaginal Virome-Balancing Female Genital Tract Bacteriome, Mucosal Immunity, and Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes?
Happel AU, Varsani A, Balle C, Passmore JA, Jaspan H.
Viruses 2020; 12(8):E832. doi: 10.3390/v12080832.

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The case for why Africa should host COVID-19 candidate vaccine trials.
Singh JA.
Journal of Infectious Diseases 2020; 222(3):351-355.

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Tail-phase safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable cabotegravir in HIV-uninfected adults: a secondary analysis of the HPTN 077 trial.
Landovitz RJ, Li S, Eron JJ, Grinsztejn B, Dawood H, Liu AY, Magnus M, Hosseinipour MC, Panchia R, Cottle L, Chau G, Richardson P, Marzinke MA, Eshleman SH, Kofron R, Adeyeye A, Burns D, Rinehart AR, Margolis D, Cohen MS, McCauley M, Hendrix CW.
The Lancet HIV 2020; 7(7):e472-e481.

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Assessing a diagnosis tool for bacterial vaginosis.
Singh R, Ramsuran V, Mitchev N, Niehaus AJ, Han KSS, Osman F, Ngcapu S, Abdool Karim SS, Rompalo A, Garrett N, Mlisana K.
European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 2020; 39(8):1481-1485.

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Progress and Challenges After Two Decades of Global Antiretroviral Treatment Roll-Out.
Letang E, Ellis J, Naidoo K, Casas EC, Sánchez P, Hassan-Moosa R, Cresswell F, Miró JM, García-Basteiro AL. Tuberculosis-HIV Co-Infection:
Archivos de Bronconeumologia 2020; 56(7):446-454.

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Mapping male circumcision for HIV prevention efforts in sub-Saharan Africa.
Cork MA, Wilson KF, Perkins S, Collison ML, Deshpande A, Eaton JW, Earl L, Haeuser E, Justman JE, Kinyoki DK, Mayala BK, Mosser JF, Murray CJL, Nkengasong JN, Piot P, Sartorius B, Schaeffer LE, Serfes AL, Sligar A, Steuben KM, Tanser FC, VanderHeide JD, Yang M, Wabiri N, Hay SI, Dwyer-Lindgren L.
BMC Medicine. 2020; 18(1):189. doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01635-5.

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COVID-19 therapeutics: how to sow confusion and break public trust during international public health emergencies.
Singh JA, Ravinetto R.
Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice 2020; 13:47. doi: 10.1186/s40545-020-00244-0.

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Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23(7):e25546. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25546.
Zaniewski E, Dao Ostinelli CH, Chammartin F, Maxwell N, Davies MA, Euvrard J, van Dijk J, Bosomprah S, Phiri S, Tanser F, Sipambo N, Muhairwe J, Fatti G, Prozesky H, Wood R, Ford N, Fox MP, Egger M.
Trends in CD4 and viral load testing 2005 to 2018: multi-cohort study of people living with HIV in Southern Africa.

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Testing the regulatory framework in South Africa - a single-blind randomized pilot trial of commercial probiotic supplementation to standard therapy in women with bacterial vaginosis.
Happel AU, Singh R, Mitchev N, Mlisana K, Jaspan HB, Barnabas SL, Passmore JS.
BMC Infectious Diseases 2020; 20(1):491. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05210-4.

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Prevalence of Genotypes and Subtypes of Gardnerella vaginalis in South African Pregnant Women.
Pillay K, Nzimande S, Naicker M, Ramsuran V, Tinarwo P, Abbai N.
Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020; 2020:3176407. doi: 10.1155/2020/3176407.

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Repurposed Antiviral Drugs for Covid-19 — Interim WHO Solidarity Trial Results
WHO Solidarity Trial Consortium, Pan H, Peto R, Henao-Restrepo AM, Preziosi MP, Sathiyamoorthy V, Abdool Karim Q, Alejandria MM, Hernández García C, Kieny MP, Malekzadeh R, Murthy S, Reddy KS, Roses Periago M, et al.
New England Journal of Medicine 2020 December. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2023184.

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HLA-G Polymorphisms Associated with HIV Infection and Preeclampsia in South Africans of African Ancestry.
Phoswa WN, Ramsuran V, Naicker T, Singh R, Moodley J.
BioMed research international. 2020; 2020:1697657. doi: 10.1155/2020/1697657.

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Topical Tenofovir Pre-exposure Prophylaxis and Mucosal HIV-Specific Fc-Mediated Antibody Activities in Women.
Fisher KL, Mabuka JM, Sivro A, Ngcapu S, Passmore J-AS, Osman F, Ndlovu B, Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS, Chung AW, Baxter C, Archary D.
Frontiers in Immunology 2020; 11(1274). doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01274

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Rapid Induction of Multifunctional Antibodies in Rabbits and Macaques by Clade C HIV-1 CAP257 Envelopes Circulating During Epitope-Specific Neutralization Breadth Development.
Malherbe DC, Wibmer CK, Nonyane M, Reed J, Sather DN, Spencer DA, Schuman JT, Guo B, Pandey S, Robins H, Park B, Fuller DH, Sacha JB, Moore PL, Hessell AJ, Haigwood NL.
Frontiers in Immunology 2020; 11:984. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00984.

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COVID-19: Science and global health governance under attack
Singh JA
South African Medical Journal 2020;110(6):445-446.

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Beyond biomedical and comorbidity approaches: Exploring associations between affinity group membership, health and health seeking behaviour among MSM/MSW in Nairobi, Kenya.
Doshi M, Macharia P, Mathenge J, Musyoki H, Amico KR, Battacharjee P, Blanchard J, Reza-Paul S, McKinnon LR, Kimani J, Lorway RR.
Global Public Health 2020; 15(7):968-984.

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The effects of COVID-19 on the health and socio-economic security of sex workers in Nairobi, Kenya: Emerging intersections with HIV.
Kimani J, Adhiambo J, Kasiba R, Mwangi P, Were V, Mathenge J, Macharia P, Cholette F, Moore S, Shaw S, Becker M, Musyoki H, Bhattacharjee P, Moses S, Fowke KR, McKinnon LR, Lorway R.
Global Public Health 2020; 15(7):1073-1082.

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SARS-CoV-2 pandemic expanding in sub-Saharan Africa: Considerations for COVID-19 in People Living with HIV.
Drain PK, Garrett N.
EClinicalMedicine 2020; 22:100342. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100342.

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The Role of Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) on Interleukin 17A (IL-17A) in Normotensive and Preeclamptic Black South African Women.
Phoswa WN, Naicker T, Ramsuran V, Moodley J.
Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2020; 2020:3417632. doi: 10.1155/2020/3417632.

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Virologic response to efavirenz-based first-line antiretroviral therapy in children with previous exposure to antiretrovirals to prevent mother-to-child transmission.
Nyakato P, Davies MA, Technau KG, Fatti G, Rabie H, Tanser F, Boulle A, Wood R, Eley B, Sawry S, Giddy J, Sipambo N, Kuhn L, Fairlie L; International epidemiology Database to Evaluate AIDS-Southern Africa (IeDEA-SA) Collaboration.
PLoS One 2020; 15(5):e0233693. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233693.

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Treatment of Highly Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis.
Nimmo C, Naidoo K, O'Donnell M.
New England Journal of Medicine 2020; 382(24):2376.

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Bedaquiline resistance in drug-resistant tuberculosis HIV co-infected patients.
Nimmo C, Millard J, Brien K, Moodley S, van Dorp L, Lutchminarain K, Wolf A, Grant AD, Balloux F, Pym AS, Padayatchi N, O'Donnell M.
European Respiratory Journal 2020; 55(6):1902383. doi: 10.1183/13993003.02383-2019.

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Exploring potential of vaginal Lactobacillus isolates from South African women for enhancing treatment for bacterial vaginosis.
Happel AU, Kullin B, Gamieldien H, Wentzel N, Zauchenberger CZ, Jaspan HB, Dabee S, Barnabas SL, Jaumdally SZ, Dietrich J, Gray G, Bekker LG, Froissart R, Passmore JS.
PLoS Pathogens 2020; 16(6):e1008559. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008559.

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Genome detective coronavirus typing tool for rapid identification and characterization of novel coronavirus genomes.
Cleemput S, Dumon W, Fonseca V, Abdool Karim W, Giovanetti M, Alcantara LC, Deforche K, de Oliveira T.
Bioinformatics 2020; 36(11):3552-3555.

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Characterization of occult hepatitis B in high-risk populations in Kenya.
Jepkemei KB, Ochwoto M, Swidinsky K, Day J, Gebrebrhan H, McKinnon LR, Andonov A, Oyugi J, Kimani J, Gachara G, Songok EM, Osiowy C.
PloS One 2020; 15(5):e0233727. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233727.

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Importance of early identification of PrEP breakthrough infections in a generalized HIV epidemic: a case report from a PrEP demonstration project in South Africa.
Naicker* CL, Mansoor* LE, Dawood H, Naidoo K, Singo D, Matten D, Williamson C, Abdool Karim Q.
BMC Infectious Diseases 2020; 20(1):532. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05255-5.

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Integrating and Interpreting Findings from the Latest Treatment as Prevention Trials.
Brault MA, Spiegelman D, Abdool Karim SS, Vermund SH.
Current HIV/AIDS Reports 2020; 17(3):249-258.

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Targeting the N332-supersite of the HIV-1 envelope for vaccine design.
Moyo T, Kitchin D, Moore PL.
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets 2020; 24(6):499-509.

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RISK6, a 6-gene transcriptomic signature of TB disease risk, diagnosis and treatment response.
Penn-Nicholson A, Mbandi SK, Thompson E, Mendelsohn SC, Suliman S, Chegou NN, Malherbe ST, Darboe F, Erasmus M, Hanekom WA, Bilek N, Fisher M, Kaufmann SHE, Winter J, Murphy M, Wood R, Morrow C, Van Rhijn I, Moody B, Murray M, Andrade BB, Sterling TR, Sutherland J, Naidoo K, Padayatchi N, Walzl G, Hatherill M, Zak D, Scriba TJ; Adolescent Cohort Study team; GC6-74 Consortium; SATVI Clinical and Laboratory Team; ScreenTB Consortium; AE-TBC Consortium; RePORT Brazil Team; Peruvian Household Contacts Cohort Team; CAPRISA IMPRESS team.
Scientific Reports 2020; 10(1):8629. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-65043-8.

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Metformin as Host-Directed Therapy for TB Treatment: Scoping Review.
Naicker N, Sigal A, Naidoo K.
Frontiers in Microbiology 2020; 11:435. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.

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HIV treatment outcomes among people with initiation CD4 counts >500 cells/µL after implementation of Treat All in South African public clinics: a retrospective cohort study.
Dorward J, Sookrajh Y, Gate K, Khubone T, Mtshaka N, Mlisana K, Ngobese H, Yende‐Zuma N, Garrett N.
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23(4): e25479.

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Plasma concentration of injectable contraceptive correlates with reduced cervicovaginal growth factor expression in South African women.
Molatlhegi RP, Liebenberg LJ, Leslie A, Noel-Romas L, Mabhula A, Mchunu N, Perner M, Birse K, Ngcapu S, Adamson JH, Govender K, Garrett NJ, Samsunder N, Burgener AD, Abdool Karim SS, Abdool Karim Q, Passmore JS, McKinnon LR.
Mucosal Immunology 2020; 13(3):449-459.

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Solidarity in Global Health Research-Are the Stakes Equal?
Daftary A, Viens AM.
American Journal of Bioethics 2020; 20(5):59-62.

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Dynamics of within-host Mycobacterium tuberculosis diversity and heteroresistance during treatment.
Nimmo C, Brien K, Millard J, Grant AD, Padayatchi N, Pym AS, O'Donnell M, Goldstein R, Breuer J, Balloux F.
EBioMedicine 2020; 55:102747. doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102747.

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Missing men with tuberculosis: the need to address structural influences and implement targeted and multidimensional interventions.
Chikovore J, Pai M, Horton KC, Daftary A, Kumwenda MK, Hart G, Corbett EL.
BMJ Global Health 2020; 5(5): e002255. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2019-002255.

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Individualised treatment of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis using whole genome sequencing and expanded drug susceptibility testing.
Dookie N, Padayatchi N, Lessells RJ, Naicker CL, Chotoo S, Naidoo K.
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 71(11):2981-2985.

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Critical care triaging in the shadow of COVID-19: Ethics considerations.
Singh JA, Moodley K.
South African Medical Journal 2020; 110(5):355-359.

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COVID-19 and tuberculosis in South Africa: A dangerous combination.
Boffa J, Mhlaba T, Sulis G, Moyo S, Sifumba Z, Pai M, Daftary A.
South African Medical Journal 2020; 110(5):341-342.

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Plant-based production of highly potent anti-HIV antibodies with engineered posttranslational modifications.
Singh AA, Pooe O, Kwezi L, Lotter-Stark T, Stoychev SH, Alexandra K, Gerber I, Bhiman JN, Vorster J, Pauly M, Zeitlin L, Whaley K, Mach L, Steinkellner H, Morris L, Tsekoa TL, Chikwamba R.
Scientific Reports 2020; 10(1):6201. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-63052-1.

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Impact of male partner involvement on women's adherence to the dapivirine vaginal ring during a phase III HIV prevention trial.
Roberts ST, Nair G, Baeten JM, Palanee-Philips T, Schwartz K, Reddy K, Kabwigu S, Matovu Kiweewa F, Govender V, Gaffoor Z, Singh N, Siva S, Naidoo K, Montgomery ET for theMTN-020/ASPIRE Team. I
AIDS and Behavior 2020; 24(5):1432-1442.

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COVID-19 affects HIV and tuberculosis care.
Abdool Karim Q, Abdool Karim SS.
Science 2020; 369(6502):366-368.

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Inflammatory and antimicrobial properties differ between vaginal Lactobacillus isolates from South African women with non-optimal versus optimal microbiota.
Manhanzva MT, Abrahams AG, Gamieldien H, Froissart R, Jaspan H, Jaumdally SZ, Barnabas SL, Dabee S, Bekker LG, Gray G, Passmore JS, Masson L.
Scientific Reports 2020; 10(1):6196. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-62184-8.

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Structure of Super-Potent Antibody CAP256-VRC26.25 in Complex with HIV-1 Envelope Reveals a Combined Mode of Trimer-Apex Recognition.
Gorman J, Chuang GY, Lai YT, Shen CH, Boyington JC, Druz A, Geng H, Louder MK, McKee K, Rawi R, Verardi R, Yang Y, Zhang B, Doria-Rose NA, Lin B, Moore PL, Morris L, Shapiro L, Mascola JR, Kwong PD.
Cell Reports 2020; 31(1):107488. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.052.

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Low CD4 count and educational status predict abnormal cervical smears amongst HIV-positive women initiating antiretroviral therapy in South Africa.
Mthembu N, Dorward J, Naicker N, Osman F, Gumede S, Sookrajh Y, Drain P, Garrett N.
Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 2020; 21(1):1045. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v21i1.1045.

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Joint modelling of longitudinal and time-to-event data: an illustration using CD4 count and mortality in a cohort of patients initiated on antiretroviral therapy.
Mchunu NN, Mwambi HG, Reddy T, Yende-Zuma N, Naidoo K.
BMC Infectious Diseases 2020; 20(1):256. doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-04962-3.

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The South African response to the pandemic.
Abdool Karim SS.
New England Journal of Medicine 2020; 382(24):e95.

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Putting women in the centre of the global HIV response is key to achieving epidemic control!
Abdool Karim Q, Havlir D, Phanuphak N.
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23(3):e25473. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25473.

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Safety and immune responses after a 12-month booster in healthy HIV-uninfected adults in HVTN 100 in South Africa: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of ALVAC-HIV (vCP2438) and bivalent subtype C gp120/MF59 vaccines.
Laher F, Moodie Z, Cohen KW, Grunenberg N, Bekker LG, Allen M4, Frahm N, Yates NL, Morris L, Malahleha M, Mngadi K, Daniels B, Innes C, Saunders K, Grant S, Yu C, Gilbert PB, Phogat S, DiazGranados CA, Koutsoukos M, Van Der Meeren O, Bentley C, Mkhize NN, Pensiero MN, Mehra VL, Kublin JG, Corey L, Montefiori DC, Gray GE, McElrath MJ, Tomaras GD.
PLoS Medicine 2020;17(2):e1003038. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003038.

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Prescription drug diversion, misuse, and abuse among people living with HIV: a scoping review protocol.
Chibi B, Torres NF, Mashamba-Thompson TP.
Systematic Reviews 2020; 9(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s13643-020-1273-4.

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Anal intercourse, HIV-1 risk, and efficacy in a trial of a dapivirine-containing vaginal ring for HIV-1 prevention.
Peebles K, van der Straten A, Palanee-Phillips T, Reddy K, Hillier SL, Hendrix CW, Harkoo I, Mirembe BG, Jeenarain N, Baeten JM, Brown ER.
JAIDS 2020; 83(3):197-201.

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The complex challenges of HIV vaccine development require renewed and expanded global commitment.
Bekker L-G, Tatoud R, Dabis F, Feinberg M, Kaleebu P, Marovich M, Ndung’u T, Russell N, Johnson J, Luba M, Fauci AS, Morris L, Pantaleo G, Buchbinder S, Gray G, Vekemans J, Kim JH, Levy Y, Corey L, Shattock R, Makanga M, Williamson C, Dieffenbach C, Goodenow MM, Shao Y, Staprans S, Warren M, Johnston MI.
Lancet 2020; 395(10221):384-388.

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Immunogenicity of HIV-1 Vaccines Expressing Chimeric Envelope Glycoproteins on the Surface of Pr55 Gag Virus-Like Particles.
Chapman R, van Diepen M, Galant S, Kruse E, Margolin E, Ximba P, Hermanus T, Moore P, Douglass N, Williamson AL, Rybicki E.
Vaccines 2020; 8(1):e54. doi: 10.3390/vaccines8010054.

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Maternal variants within the apolipoprotein L1 gene are associated with preeclampsia in a South African cohort of African ancestry.
Thakoordeen-Reddy S, Winkler C, Moodley J, David V, Binns-Roemer E, Ramsuran V, Naicker T.
European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology 2020; 246:129-133.

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A systematic review and meta-analysis of first-line tuberculosis drug concentrations and treatment outcomes.
Perumal R, Naidoo K, Naidoo A, Ramachandran G, Requena-Mendez A, Sekaggya-Wiltshire C, Mpagama SG, Matteelli A, Fehr J, Heysell SK, Padayatchi N.
The International Journal Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2020; 24(1):48-64.

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Drug-resistant tuberculosis patient care journeys in South Africa: a pilot study using routine laboratory data.
Hill J, Dickson-Hall L, Grant AD, Grundy C, Black J, Kielmann K, Mlisana K, Mitrani L, Loveday M, Moshabela M, Le Roux S, Jassat W, Nicol M, Cox H.
The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease 2020; 24(1):83-91.

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Effect of HIV Envelope Vaccination on the Subsequent Antibody Response to HIV Infection.
Ditse Z, Mkhize NN, Yin M, Keefer M, Montefiori DC, Tomaras GD, Churchyard G, Mayer KH, Karuna S, Morgan C, Bekker LG, Mlisana K, Gray G, Moodie Z, Gilbert P, Moore PL, Williamson C, Morris L.
mSphere 2020; 5(1): e00738-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00738-19.

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Landscapes of binding antibody and T-cell responses to pox-protein HIV vaccines in Thais and South Africans.
Zhao LP, Fiore-Gartland A, Carpp LN, Cohen KW, Rouphael N, Fleurs L, Dintwe O, Zhao M, Moodie Z, Fong Y, Garrett N, Huang Y, Innes C, Janes HE, Lazarus E, Michael NL, Nitayaphan S, Pitisuttithum P, Rerks-Ngarm S, Robb ML, De Rosa SC, Corey L, Gray GE, Seaton KE, Yates NL, McElrath MJ, Frahm N, Tomaras GD, Gilbert PB.
PLoS One 2020; 15(1):e0226803. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226803.

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Emerging evidence from a systematic review of safety of pre-exposure prophylaxis for pregnant and postpartum women: where are we now and where are we heading?
Joseph Davey DL, Pintye J, Baeten JM, Aldrovandi G, Baggaley R, Bekker LG, Celum C, Chi BH, Coates TJ, Haberer JE, Heffron R, Kinuthia J, Matthews LT, McIntyre J, Moodley D, Mofenson LM, Mugo N, Myer L, Mujugira A, Shoptaw S, Stranix-Chibanda L, John-Stewart G; PrEP in Pregnancy Working Group.
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23(1):e25426. doi: 10.1002/jia2.25426.

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“A very humiliating illness”: a qualitative study of patient-centered Care for Rifampicin-Resistant Tuberculosis in South Africa.
Furin J, Loveday M, Hlangu S, Dickson-Hall L, le Roux S, Nicol M, Cox H.
BMC Public Health 2020; 20(1):76 doi: 10.1186/s12889-019-8035-z.

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Evaluating DREAMS HIV prevention interventions targeting adolescent girls and young women in high HIV prevalence districts in South Africa: protocol for a cross-sectional study.
George G, Cawood C, Puren A, Khanyile D, Gerritsen A, Govender K, Beckett S, Glenshaw M, Diallo K, Ayalew K, Gibbs A, Reddy T, Madurai L, Kufa-Chakezha T, Kharsany ABM.
BMC Women's Health 2020; 20(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12905-019-0875-2.

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Neutralization breadth and potency of single-chain variable fragments derived from broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting multiple epitopes on the HIV-1 envelope.
van Dorsten RT, Lambson BE, Wibmer CK, Weinberg MS, Moore PL, Morris L.
Journal of Virology 2020; 94(2): e01533-19. doi: 10.1128/JVI.01533-19.

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Point-of-care HIV viral load testing combined with task shifting to improve treatment outcomes (STREAM): findings from an open-label, non-inferiority, randomised controlled trial.
Drain PK, Dorward J, Violette LR, Quame-Amaglo J, Thomas KK, Sams nder N, Ngobese H, Mlisana K, Moodley P, Donnell D, Barnabas RV, Naidoo K, Abdool Karim SS, Celum C, Garrett N.
Lancet HIV 2020; 7(4):e229-e237.

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HIV seroconcordance among heterosexual couples in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: a population-based analysis.
Kim HY, Harling G, Vandormael A, Tomita A, Cuadros DF, Bärnighausen T, Tanser F.
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2020; 23(1):e25432.doi: 10.1002/jia2.25432

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Cabotegravir is not associated with weight gain in HIV-uninfected individuals in HPTN 077.
Landovitz RJ, Zangeneh SZ, Chau G, Grinsztejn B, Eron JJ, Dawood H, Magnus M, Liu AY, Panchia R, Hosseinipour MC, Kofron R, Margolis DA, Rinehart A, Adeyeye A, Burns D, McCauley M, Cohen MS, Currier JS.
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 70(2):319-322.

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Recently formed age-disparate partnerships are associated with elevated HIV-incidence among young women in South Africa.
Maughan-Brown B, Venkataramani A, Kharsany ABM, Beckett S, Govender K, Lewis L, Cawood C, Khanyile D, George G.
AIDS 2020; 34(1):149-154.

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A moxifloxacin-based regimen for the treatment of recurrent drug-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis: An open-label randomised controlled trial.
Perumal R, Padayatchi N, Yende-Zuma N, Naidoo A, Govender D, Naidoo K.
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2020; 70(1):90-98.

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Association between HIV antiretroviral therapy and preterm birth based on antenatal ultrasound gestational age determination: a comparative analysis.
Venkatesh KK, Farhad M, Fenton T, Moodley D, Naik S, Nakabiito C, Fairlie L, Fowler MG, Stringer JSA, Chi BH.
AIDS 2019; 33(15):2403-13.

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Neonatal, infant and child health in South Africa: Reflecting on the past towards a better future.
Goga A, Feucht U, Zar HJ, Vanker A, Wiysonge CS, McKerrow N, Wright CY, Loveday M, Odendaal W, Ramokolo V, Ramraj T, Bamford, L., Green, R.J, Pillay, Y., Nannan, N.
South African Medical Journal 2019;109(11b):83-90.

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Mapping 123 million neonatal, infant and child deaths between 2000 and 2017.
Burstein R, Henry NJ, Collison ML, Marczak LB, Sligar A, Watson S, Marquez N, Abbasalizad-Farhangi M, Abbasi M, Abd-Allah F, Abdoli A, ……, Oladimeji KE, et al.
Nature 2019; 574(7778):353-358. doi: 10.1038/s41586-019-1545-0.

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Figures of the dead: A decade of tuberculosis mortality registrations in South Africa.
Loveday M, Mzobe YN, Pillay Y, Barron P.
South African Medical Journal 2019; 109(10):728-732.

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Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC)-mediating antibodies constrain neutralizing antibody escape pathway.
Mielke D, Bandawe G, Pollara J, Abrahams M-R, Nyanhete T, Moore P, Thebus R, Yates NL, Kappes JC, Ochsenbauer C, Garrett N, Abdool Karim SS, Tomaras GD, Montefiori D, Morris L, Ferrari G, Williamson C.
Frontiers in Immunology 2019; 10:2875. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02875

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Factors associated with HIV in younger and older adult men in South Africa: findings from a cross-sectional survey.
Govender K, Beckett SE, George G, Lewis L, Cawood C, Khanyile D, Tanser F, Kharsany AB.
BMJ Open 2019; 9(12):e031667. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-031667.

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High-Throughput Mapping of B Cell Receptor Sequences to Antigen Specificity.
Setliff I, Shiakolas AR, Pilewski KA, Murji AA, Mapengo RE, Janowska K, Richardson S, Oosthuysen C, Raju N, Ronsard L, Kanekiyo M, Qin JS, Kramer KJ, Greenplate AR, McDonnell WJ, Graham BS, Connors M, Lingwood D, Acharya P, Morris L, Georgiev IS.
Cell 2019; 179(7):1636-1646. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.11.003.

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IgG3 enhances neutralization potency and Fc effector function of an HIV V2-specific broadly neutralizing antibody.
Richardson SI, Lambson BE, Crowley AR, Bashirova A, Scheepers C, Garrett N, Abdool Karim SS, Mkhize NN, Carrington M, Ackerman ME, Moore PL, Morris L.
PLoS Pathogens 2019; 15(12):e1008064. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008064.

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Declines in HIV incidence among men and women in a South African population-based cohort.
Vandormael A, Akullian A, Siedner M, de Oliveira T, Bärnighausen T, Tanser F.
Nature Communications 2019; 10(1):5482. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13473-y.

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Maternal Humoral Immune Responses Do Not Predict Postnatal HIV-1 Transmission Risk in Antiretroviral-Treated Mothers from the IMPAACT PROMISE Study.
Hompe ED, Jacobson DL, Eudailey JA, Butler K, Edwards W, Pollara J, Brummel SS, Fouda GG, Chinula L, Kamanga 7, Kinikar A, Moodley D, Owor M, Fowler MG, Permar SR.
mSphere 2019; 4(5): e00716-19. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00716-19.

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Factors associated with unsuppressed viremia in women living with HIV on lifelong ART in the multi-country US-PEPFAR PROMOTE study: A cross-sectional analysis.
Atuhaire P, Hanley S, Yende-Zuma N, Aizire J, Stranix-Chibanda L, Makanani B, Milala B, Cassim H, Taha T, Fowler MG.
PLoS One 2019; 14(10):e0219415. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219415.

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Why we need to evaluate the quality of tuberculosis care in South Africa’s private health sector.
Boffa J, Moyo S, Chikovore J, Salomon A, Jooste S, Mkhombo T, Pai M, Daftary A.
South African Medical Journal 2019; 109(11):817-818.

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Social Harms in Female-INITIATED hiv prevention method RESEARCH: state of the evidence.
Montgomery ET, Roberts ST, Nel A, Malherbe M, Torjesen K, Bunge K, Singh D, Baeten JM, Marrazzo J, Chirenje ZM, Kabwigu S, Beigi R, Riddler SA, Gafoor Z, Reddy K, Mansoor LE, Nair L, Woeber K, Moodley J, Jeenarain N, Siva S, Naidoo L, Govender V, Palanee-Phillips T.
AIDS 2019; 33(14):2237-44.

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Whole genome sequencing for drug-resistant tuberculosis management in South Africa: What gaps would this address and what are the challenges to implementation?
Dlamini MT, Lessells R, Iketleng T, de Oliveira T.
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases 2019; 16: 100115. doi.org/10.1016/j.jctube.2019.100115.

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Extended prophylaxis with nevirapine does not affect growth in HIV-exposed infants.
Onyango-Makumbi C, Owora AH, Mwiru RS, Mwatha A, Young AM, Moodley D, Coovadia HM, Stranix-Chibanda L, Manji K, Maldonado Y, Richardson P, Andrew P, George K, Fawzi W, Fowler MG.
JAIDS 2019; 82(4): 377-385.

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Emtricitabine-induced pure red cell aplasia.
Manickchund N, du Plessis C, John MA, Manzini TC, Gosnell BI, Lessells RJ, Moosa YS.
Southern African Journal of HIV Medicine 2019; 20(1):983. doi: 10.4102/sajhivmed.v20i1.983.

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L,D-Transpeptidase Specific Probe Reveals Spatial Activity of Peptidoglycan Cross-Linking.
Pidgeon SE, Apostolos AJ, Nelson JM, Shaku M, Rimal B, Islam MN, Crick DC, Kim SJ, Pavelka MS, Kana BD, Pires MM.
ACS Chemical Biology 2019; 14(10):2185-96.

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Improving survival with tuberculosis & HIV treatment integration: a mini-review.
Naidoo K, Rampersad S, Abdool Karim SS.
Indian Journal of Medical Research 2019; 150(2):131-138.

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Comparative cost analysis of point-of-care versus laboratory-based testing to initiate and monitor HIV treatment in South Africa.
Simeon K, Sharma M, Dorward J, Naidoo J, Dlamini N, Moodley P, Samsunder N, Barnabas RV, Garrett N, Drain PK.
PLoS One. 2019; 14(10):e0223669. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223669.

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HIV incidence rates in adolescent girls and young women in sub-Saharan Africa.
Abdool Karim SS, Baxter C.
Lancet Global Health 2019; 7(11):e1470-e1471. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(19)30404-8.

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Guidance on stakeholder engagement practices to inform the development of area-wide vector control methods.
Thizy D, Emerson C, Gibbs J, Hartley S, Kapiriri L, Lavery J, Lunshof J, Ramsey J, Shapiro J, Singh JA, Toe LP, Coche I, Robinson B.
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases 2019; 13(4):e0007286. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007286.

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Quality of TB care among People Living with HIV: Gaps and Solutions.
Naidoo K, Gengiah S, Singh S, Stillo J, Padayatchi N.
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases 2019; 17: e100122. doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2019.100122

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Engineered HIV antibody passes muster.
Morris L.
Lancet HIV 2019; 6(10):e641-e642. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3018(19)30231-0.

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Ethical issues associated with HIV molecular epidemiology: a qualitative exploratory study using inductive analytic approaches.
Mutenherwa F, Wassenaar DR, de Oliveira T.
BMC Medical Ethics 2019; 20(1):67. doi: 10.1186/s12910-019-0403-9.

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Slow acceptance of universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) among mothers enrolled in IMPAACT PROMISE studies across the globe.
Stranix-Chibanda L, Brummel S, Pilotto J, Mutambanengwe M, Chanaiwa V, Mhembere T, Kamateeka M, Aizire J, Masheto G, Chamanga R, Maluwa M, Hanley S, Joao E, Theron G, Nevrekar N, Nyati M, Santos B, Aurpibul L, Mubiana-Mbewe M, Oliveira R, Anekthananon T, Mlay P, Angelidou K, Tierney C, Ziemba L, Coletti A, McCarthy K, Basar M, Chakhtoura N, Browning R, Currier J, Fowler MG, Flynn P; PROMISE study team.
AIDS and Behavior 2019; 23(9):2522-31.

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Disrupting a cycle of mistrust: A constructivist grounded theory study on patient-provider trust in TB care.
Law S, Daftary A, Mitnick CD, Dheda K, Menzies D.
Social Science and Medicine 2019; 240:112578. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112578.

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Quantifying how Different Clinical Presentations, Levels of Severity and Healthcare Attendance Shape the Burden of Influenza-Associated Illness: a Modeling Study from South Africa.
Tempia S , Walaza S, Moyes J, Cohen AL, McMorrow ML, Treurnicht FK, Hellferscee O, Wolter N, Gottberg AV, Nguweneza A, McAnerney JM, Dawood H, Variava E , Madhi SA, Cohen C.
Clinical Infectious Diseases 2019; 69(6):1036-1048. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy1017.

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Risk Factors for Adverse Birth Outcomes in the PROMISE 1077BF/1077FF Trial.
Sebikari D, Farhad M, Fenton T, Owor M, Stringer JS, Qin M, Chakhtoura N, Chi BH, Saidi F, Nevrekar N, Violari A, Chipato T, McIntyre JA, Moodley D, Taha TE, Theron G, Fowler MG.
Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes 2019; 81(5):521-32.

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Integrated provision of topical pre-exposure prophylaxis in routine family planning services in South Africa: a non-inferiority randomized controlled trial.
Mansoor LE, Yende-Zuma N, Baxter C, Mngadi KT, Dawood H, Gengiah TN, Samsunder S, Schwartz JL, Doncel GF, Abdool Karim Q.
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2019; 22(9):e25381. doi/10.1002/jia2.25381

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Performance of cepheid GeneXpert HIV-1 viral load plasma assay to accurately detect treatment failure: a clinical meta-analysis.
Sacks JA, Fong Y, Gonzalez MP, Andreotti M, Baliga S, Garrett N, Jordan J, Karita E, Kulkarni S, Mor O, Mosha F, Ndlovu Z, Plantier JC, Saravanan S, Scott L, Peter T, Doherty M, Alexander H, Vojnov L.
AIDS 2019; 33(12):1881-1889.

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In the eye of the multiple beholders: Qualitative research perspectives on studying and encouraging quality of TB care in India.
McDowell A, Engel N, Daftary A.
Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases 2019; 16:100111. doi: 10.1016/j.jctube.2019.100111.

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Trends in HIV Prevention, Treatment, and Incidence in a Hyperendemic Area of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Kharsany ABM, Cawood C, Lewis L, Yende-Zuma N, Khanyile D, Puren A, Madurai S, Baxter C, George G, Govender K, Beckett S, Samsunder N, Toledo C, Ayalew KA, Diallo K, Glenshaw M, Herman-Roloff A, Wilkinson E, de Oliveira T, Abdool Karim SS, Abdool Karim Q.
JAMA Network Open 2019; 2(11):e1914378.

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